Self-induced consensus of Reddit users to characterise the GameStop short squeeze

This is the final version. Available on open access from Nature Research via the DOI in this recordData availability: Reddit conversation data used in this study can be retrieved from the Pushshift API at https://www.reddit.com/r/pushshift/. Stock price and traded volumes data are instead obtained by the Polygon API at https://polygon.io.The short squeeze of GameStop (GME) shares in mid-January 2021 has been primarily orchestrated by retail investors of the Reddit r/wallstreetbets community. As such, it represents a paramount example of collective coordination action on social media, resulting in large-scale consensus formation and significant market impact. In this work we characterise the structure and time evolution of Reddit conversation data, showing that the occurrence and sentiment of GME-related comments (representing how much users are engaged with GME) increased significantly much before the short squeeze actually took place. Taking inspiration from these early warnings as well as evidence from previous literature, we introduce a model of opinion dynamics where user engagement can trigger a self-reinforcing mechanism leading to the emergence of consensus, which in this particular case is associated to the success of the short squeeze operation. Analytical solutions and model simulations on interaction networks of Reddit users feature a phase transition from heterogeneous to homogeneous opinions as engagement grows, which we qualitatively compare to the sudden hike of GME stock price. Although the model cannot be validated with available data, it offers a possible and minimal interpretation for the increasingly important phenomenon of self-organized collective actions taking place on social networks.Tor Vergata University of Rom

Programa de prácticas de clínica de perros y gatos

El alumno conocerá las partes del expediente clínico orientado a problemas y como utilizarlo en la práctica clínica

Análisis del proceso de otorgamiento de licencias de construcción en la ciudad de Medellín.

El colapso de un edificio en Medellín generó una alarma en las autoridades competentes con respecto a la forma como se están dando las autorizaciones para algunas edificaciones en altura, situación que está poniendo en riesgo la vida de algunos habitantes de la ciudad de Medellín, y genera graves daños estructurales a otras edificaciones aledañas; de lo anterior surge la necesidad de observar posibles fallas, tanto en el otorgamiento de estas licencias de construcción como en las veedurías y control que se les lleva a tales edificaciones que nos conducen a buscar respuesta a lo sucedido para detectar eventuales problemáticas que aporten a minimizar los errores humanos, técnicos y corregirlos de ser necesario, para que pueden recuperar la confianza en el sector de la construcción. El proyecto estuvo enfocado en hacer un análisis del proceso de otorgamiento de licencias de construcción en la ciudad de Medellín, para identificar posibles susceptibilidades a ser mejoradas, donde por medio del enfoque mixto se aplicaron encuestas a los habitantes del municipio que habían tenido experiencias previas acerca de este proceso, ya que habían construido viviendas; y tres entrevistas. Una a un funcionario de la curaduría primera de Medellín, otra a otro funcionario de planeación municipal y a un empresario del sector de la construcción; todos estos inherentes al problema para que de esta manera se obtenga la información necesaria que permitió identificar los resultados que se buscaban con esta investigación.Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dio

Giant follicular cysts extended in pterygo-maxillary fossa, antro-naso-ethmoidal and orbital space associated to exophtalmos and diplopia in young patients

Abstract Follicular cysts develop from the enamel epithelium of an un-erupted tooth. Two cases of extremely large and extended follicular cysts related to the upper impacted third molars in young patients and treatments are described. Case 1 Female, aged 16 with swelling of the right cheek and oral vestibule, right exophthalmos and diplopia. Spiral Computed Tomography (CT) showed a massive lesion occupying the maxillary sinus with extension into the pterygo-maxillary space, due to the destruction of the posterior antral bone wall. Above the lesion was compressing the orbital floor. Transantral surgical excision was performed approaching to the pterygo-maxillary space and orbital structure also using the operating microscope. 5-years follow-up shows good restoring of the involved structures without relapse. Case 2 - Female, aged 22, with swelling of the left cheek and oral vestibule, left nasal obstruction, orbital pain and diplopia. Spiral CT-MR integrated study allowed a very accurate analysis: the lesion occupied the entire maxillary sinus, the pterygo-maxillary space, the left nasal cavity, ethmoidal structures with posterior orbital compression. Transantral surgical excision was performed approaching to the pterygo-maxillary space; nasal-ethmoidal and orbital structures were approached by endoscopic technique. Follow-up shows good clinical, anatomical and functional conditions. Histological examination confirmed in both cases the diagnosis of follicular cyst. Giant follicular cysts require an accurate preoperative study due to the delicate structures that may be involved. In the reported cases, the operating microscope and endoscopic surgical procedures were needed in the delicate surgical steps to perform the detachment in deep areas

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol for Gastrectomy: A Tailored Program Developed at a Gastric Cancer Unit

Background Planning for and managing patients who follow multidisciplinary paths allow institutions to provide better care administration; greater collaboration among medical staff, patients, and their relatives; better patients education; reduced possible complications related to surgery and hospital stay; and increased patient adherence to the proposed treatments due to better information. The ERAS Society’s guidelines align in this direction, and many institutions are now looking to apply the suggestions contained in its items. This effort is especially important in surgical oncology. In this work, we report the experience of our center in developing tailored guidelines for patients undergoing gastrectomy based on evidence from the literature and adapted to address the availability of personnel and equipment in our institute. Methods A permanent institutional working group was established at St. Mary’s Hospital. Evidence‐based comprehensive research was conducted to find optimal perioperative care management for patients undergoing gastrectomy. Evidence and recommendations were thoroughly evaluated and considered together with the items from the ERAS Society’s guidelines. Results A complete patient pathway has been established from the first outpatient visit to discharge. All ERAS items were considered and adapted to our hospital’s care environment. Education, nutrition, anesthesiologist care, surgical approach, and ward organization are the main points of strength highlighted in the present work. Conclusion This proposed institutional evidence‐based protocol show comprehensive management for patients with gastric cancer eligible for enhanced surgical pathways

Zoledronic acid-encapsulating self-assembling nanoparticles and doxorubicin: A combinatorial approach to overcome simultaneously chemoresistance and immunoresistance in breast tumors

The resistance to chemotherapy and the tumor escape from host immunosurveillance are the main causes of the failure of anthracycline-based regimens in breast cancer, where an effective chemo-immunosensitizing strategy is lacking. The clinically used aminobisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZA) reverses chemoresistance and immunoresistance in vitro. Previously we developed a nanoparticle-based zoledronic acid-containing formulation (NZ) that allowed a higher intratumor delivery of the drug compared with free ZA in vivo. We tested its efficacy in combination with doxorubicin in breast tumors refractory to chemotherapy and immune system recognition as a new combinatorial approach to produce chemo- and immunosensitization. NZ reduced the IC50 of doxorubicin in human and murine chemoresistant breast cancer cells and restored the doxorubicin efficacy against chemo-immunoresistant tumors implanted in immunocompetent mice. By reducing the metabolic flux through the mevalonate pathway, NZ lowered the activity of Ras/ERK1/2/HIF-1α axis and the expression of P-glycoprotein, decreased the glycolysis and the mitochondrial respiratory chain, induced a cytochrome c/caspase 9/caspase 3-dependent apoptosis, thus restoring the direct cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin on tumor cell. Moreover, NZ restored the doxorubicin-induced immunogenic cell death and reversed the tumorinduced immunosuppression due to the production of kynurenine, by inhibiting the STAT3/indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase axis. These events increased the number of dendritic cells and decreased the number of immunosuppressive T-regulatory cells infiltrating the tumors. Our work proposes the use of nanoparticle encapsulating zoledronic acid as an effective tool overcoming at the same time chemoresistance and immunoresistance in breast tumors, thanks to the effects exerted on tumor cell and tumor-infiltrating immune cells

Pharmacological targeting of the ephrin receptor kinase signalling by GLPG1790 in vitro and in vivo reverts oncophenotype, induces myogenic differentiation and radiosensitizes embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cells

EPH (erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular) receptors are clinically relevant targets in several malignancies. This report describes the effects of GLPG1790, a new potent pan-EPH inhibitor, in human embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) cell lines

Clinical use of the parasympathetic tone activity index as a measurement of postoperative analgaesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy

El articulo ya esta aceptado y sale publicado en el volumen de marzo que es el primero de este año 2021. Adjunto link http://jvetres.piwet.pulawy.pl/index.php/archive-pdf-a-abstractsAbstract Introduction: While the current tools to assess canine postoperative pain using physiological and behavioural parameters are reliable, an objective method such as the parasympathetic tone activity (PTA) index could improve postoperative care. The aim of the study was to determine the utility of the PTA index in assessing postoperative analgaesia. Material and Methods: Thirty healthy bitches of different breeds were randomly allocated into three groups for analgaesic treatment: the paracetamol group (GPARAC, n = 10) received 15 mg/kg b.w., the carprofen group (GCARP, n = 10) 4 mg/kg b.w., and the meloxicam group (GMELOX, n = 10) 0.2 mg/kg b.w. for 48 h after surgery. GPARAC was medicated orally every 8 h, while GCARP and GMELOX were medicated intravenously every 24 h. The PTA index was used to measure the analgaesia–nociception balance 1 h before surgery (baseline), and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 36, and 48 h after, at which times evaluation on the University of Melbourne Pain Scale (UMPS) was made. Results: The baseline PTA index was 65 ± 8 for GPARAC, 65 ± 7 for GCARP, and 62 ± 5 for GMELOX. Postoperatively, it was 65 ± 9 for GPARAC, 63 ± 8 for GCARP, and 65 ± 8 for GMELOX. No statistically significant difference existed between baseline values or between values directly after treatments (P = 0.99 and P = 0.97, respectively). The PTA index showed a sensitivity of 40%, specificity of 98.46% and a negative predictive value of 99.07%. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the PTA index measures comfort and postoperative analgaesia objectively, since it showed a clinical relationship with the UMPS